ОСНОВНІ ЗАГРОЗИ ПРАВАМ І СВОБОДАМ ЛЮДИНИ У СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ

Abstract

The article examines the main threats to human rights and freedoms in the world and Ukraine on the basis of reports of influential international organizations. The problems of rights and freedoms following and realization in the world (especially in countries with undemocratic regime); the threats appeared before countries that adhere to democratic ideals of development are analyzed; the challenges facing Ukraine nowadays on its way to overcome the negative aspects in respect of human rights and freedoms following, protection and realization are also identified.

According to the research of the independent human rights organization Freedom House concerning the level of respect for human rights and freedoms in the world, it becomes obvious that the level of democracy in the world has been declining over the last thirteen years, but authoritarianism is not leaving its positions. Freedom House conditionally divides all countries depending on their adherence to international standards for the human and citizens rights protection, ability of a person to realize his or her constitutional rights and freedoms and the number and gravity of violations in this area. In respect of this, there are three categories of countries: “free”, “partially free” and “not free” ones. Russia, Belarus, in total fifty countries and eight territories, one of which is Crimea peninsula which is under the Russian occupation were referred to as "not free". It was emphasized that the leaders, in order to retain power in their hands, made ethnic cleansing, prohibited opposition groups, imprisoned disagreeable people, interfered in the work of independent media, etc.

Ukraine was classified as “partially free”. Eight years ago our country lost its free status. However, the struggle against the large-scale challenges of nowadays (Russian military aggression, corruption, poverty, etc.) diverts sometimes the attention of state authorities from the level of respect for human rights and freedoms in Ukraine.

In fact, nowadays, there is no country in the world that fully respects and protects the rights and freedoms of people. Violations may occur more often in one country than in another, or they may have a negative impact in the global sense.