DISCRETION IN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Abstract

increasingly complex administrative relations, the expansion of public services, the digitalization of administrative processes, and the growing importance of the human-centered approach, the problem of proper understanding of discretion becomes particularly relevant. It is noted that discretionary powers are a necessary instrument for the effective functioning of public administration, as they make it possible to take into account the specific circumstances of a case, ensure flexibility of administrative response, and adapt law enforcement to dynamic societal needs. At the same time, it is emphasized that discretion cannot be regarded as arbitrary freedom of action, but must be exercised exclusively within the limits of the law, in accordance with the principles of the rule of law, proportionality, reasonableness, non- discrimination, legal certainty, and proper administrative procedure.

The paper analyzes doctrinal approaches to defining the concept of discretion, its features, functions, and place in the system of administrative law categories. The relationship between discretion and competence, administrative judgment, evaluative concepts, and administrative procedure is revealed. Particular attention is paid to determining the limits of discretionary powers, the criteria for their lawful exercise, and the forms of judicial review of decisions adopted on the basis of the judgment of a public administration entity. It is proved that the effectiveness of the exercise of discretion directly depends on the clarity of legislative regulation, the quality of administrative procedures, the proper reasoning of administrative acts, and the availability of effective appeal mechanisms. It is concluded that discretion in administrative law should be regarded not only as an instrument of public authority activity, but also as a legal mechanism for achieving a balance between the public interest and the protection of human rights and freedoms. The need for further improvement of legislation and law enforcement practice in the field of exercising discretionary powers is substantiated in order to prevent abuses and strengthen the guarantees of lawful administration.


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