NUMISMATIC PRODUCTS OF THE NATIONAL BANK OF UKRAINE AS AN OBJECT OF CIVIL LEGAL RELATIONS

Abstract

The article studies the numismatic products of the National Bank of Ukraine as a specific object of civil-legal relations. It is substantiated that its legal nature is complex, since it combines the features of property, collectible value, cultural object, and in some cases, legal tender. It is noted that the relevance of the topic is due to the insufficient level of its development in domestic legal science, where historical, economic and cultural studies of numismatics prevail, while civil-legal aspects remain poorly studied. The regulatory legal acts of the National Bank of Ukraine, which define the concepts and types of numismatic products, are analyzed. It is established that they include commemorative and investment coins of Ukraine, commemorative banknotes, souvenir products, souvenir coins and other products manufactured by the NBU Banknote and Mint. It was found that some types of such products have a dual legal regime: formally they can be legal tender, but in fact they function as objects of civil circulation, collectibles or investments. Special attention is paid to the relationship between money and numismatic products as objects of civil rights. It is proven that money has a universal payment nature and is determined by generic features, while numismatic products are mostly individually defined property, the market value of which depends on the circulation, artistic design, historical significance and demand of collectors. It is emphasized that numismatic products of the NBU participate in civil circulation as a subject of purchase and sale, donation, inheritance and other transactions. It is concluded that numismatic products of the National Bank of Ukraine are an independent and specific object of civil legal relations, which combines economic, cultural, historical and investment value. Her research is of great importance for improving the civil-legal regulation of the circulation of such objects in Ukraine.


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