THE ROLE OF ANTI-CORRUPTION BODIES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CORRUPTION CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

Abstract

The scientific article analyzes the activities of anti-corruption bodies (the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine (NABU), the Specialized Anti-Corruption Prosecutor's Office (SAP), the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption (NACP) and the Higher Anti- Corruption Commission) and their role in detecting, investigating and preventing corruption crimes that threaten the economic security of the state. Special attention is paid to the procedural activities of these structures from the initiation of criminal proceedings to court consideration and sentencing.

Key indicators of the effectiveness of the activities of anti-corruption bodies are identified: the number of proceedings sent to court, sentences issued, the volume of confiscated assets and high- profile investigations. Challenges are outlined, in particular political pressure, the weakness of the judicial system, insufficient coordination between bodies and low trust among citizens.

The scientific article proposes recommendations for strengthening the independence of anti- corruption bodies, improving legislation and procedures for assessing their activities. The study is based on the works of Zozula E., Tertyshnyk V., Kalugina I., who emphasize the need to eliminate legislative gaps and increase the institutional capacity of anti-corruption structures. The effectiveness of anti-corruption bodies depends not only on the number of investigations, but also on the real reduction in the level of corruption, compensation for damages and public trust.

It is necessary to highlight the need for international organizations to participate in the state's anti-corruption policy. Transparency International forms the Corruption Perceptions Index through expert assessments and business surveys. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund examine anti-corruption indicators in their assessments of governance, as well as the effectiveness of bodies responsible for investigating corruption crimes. GRECO provides recommendations on improving anti-corruption policy and its mechanisms.