ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ЛІДЕРСТВА КЕРІВНИКА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical and practical principles of leadership of the head of the enterprise as a subject of administrative law. It is emphasized that leadership is a personally directed influence of one employee on another, officially established by administrative and legal instruments. It has certain limits of influence on employees, which are marked by regulatory acts, and assumes the presence of consciousness and activity of subordinates in the process of interaction with the manager. The goal of management is to create conditions for the productive activity of subordinates, the result of which will correspond to the initial plan of the manager, who is more independent in making organizational decisions, as compared to other employees. Leadership is defined as a desirable feature that distinguishes a modern manager, because his task is to create conditions for the mobilization of team members, based on personal achievements and the presence of a high level of professional competence. To improve the effectiveness of the process of interaction between the manager and his subordinates, leadership should complement management, and ideally, a modern manager should have leadership potential. It is noted that effective leaders have two main roles - architectural and charismatic. The architectural role consists in solving issues related to planning and organizational structure, implementation of control and implementation of employee incentive system. Performing a charismatic role, the leader motivates and inspires subordinates based on the vision of the future of the organization. An effective manager cannot play only one role, since each of them is important in the process of performing management activities.

The levels of managerial activity of the head of the enterprise are distinguished: - nationwide: changes in the legal framework, economic situation, politics, demography. These factors affect the functioning of the company constantly. Managers cannot influence them, they have to come to terms with these conditions, within which they have to carry out their activities. If we talk about efficiency at the national level, it will consist primarily in the manager's ability to carry out successful management work in the circumstances; - industry: interaction of the organization with stakeholders (clients, competitors, investors, partners, state bodies, local community). At this level, the manager is given much more opportunities and levers of pressure to minimize the negative impact of a set of factors by managing them. In this situation, the development and implementation of the organizational strategy by the manager plays a significant role; – organizational: company structure, internal communication system, internal atmosphere, level of organizational development. Factors belonging to this level are very closely related to management activities. They directly influence the manager, who in turn influences them.