КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА БУЛІНГУ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЙОГО ПОДОЛАНННЯ

Abstract

The concept of bullying, as repeated aggressive behavior of one person towards another with the aim of causing moral and/or damage, is widespread throughout the world. This phenomenon is constantly spreading in educational institutions of Ukraine. All participants of the educational process – both children and adults, suffer from its consequences, which is a serious obstacle in the process of realizing the rights and freedoms, that are established and guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine.

In this scientific work, by systematizing the main features, the definitive characteristics of bullying as a form of violence are highlighted. Scientific approaches to the "bullying" category are considered. Determinants of its occurrence and distribution in educational institutions are determined. The structure of bullying is studied and a detailed description of its participants (the bully, the victim, the observer) is given. The procedure for responding to cases of bullying (harassment) and the application of measures of educational influence in educational institutions is disclosed. The peculiarities of responsibility for bullying are emphasized. The issue of the absence of a separate legislative act designed to counteract the occurrence of bullying and prevent the violation of the rights of educators is problematized. Ways, methods and measures of combating bullying at the general, special and individual levels are studied. The foreign and national experience of preventing this phenomenon is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the need for Ukraine to adopt a lot of different international practices that have been noted for their effectiveness.

In the process of research, conclusions were drawn about the effectiveness and sufficiency of the applied anti-bullying measures, and new ways of preventing this phenomenon were proposed.