PROBLEMS OF PARLIAMENTARISM: IMPROVEMENT OF LEGAL SUPPORT FOR LOBBYING (US AND EU EXPERIENCE)

Анотація

The main problem to which the article is devoted is the answer to how to restructure the work of parliament - the highest decision-making body in society. The main attention is paid to the function of lobbying bills. Until recently, this function was not regulated. Now the corresponding law on lobbying has been adopted. However, lobbying bills in the interests of business on a commercial basis is, in the opinion of the authors, only one side of the story, the solution of one problem. There is another, second problem. This is when a scientist, a research team, the public wants to propose a bill aimed at solving the problem (problems) facing the country. The best practices in the field under consideration, the experience of Western countries, in particular, the USA and EU countries, are analyzed. American lobbying laws are strict and precise: tough sanctions for their violation are designed to ensure (and ensure) the transparency of lobbying as an important part of democratic governance. Regarding the author's proposals. It is advisable, in our opinion, to provide for the possibility of lobbying for draft laws that are not related to business interests - that is, such draft laws that provide for the improvement of public administration, as well as to introduce appropriate mechanisms to ensure the implementation of this possibility. It is advisable, in our opinion, to include the appropriate function in the legislation on lobbying, as well as to introduce appropriate mechanisms to ensure its implementation. This is not only about creating an appropriate organizational structure, but also about the obligation to post the proposed project on a certain website, with access to all those interested in such issues, giving them the opportunity to express their vision of the expediency of adoption. In the event that the parliament avoids considering the draft law, and it has gained a certain number of those who support its adoption (say, set - not less than 200 thousand votes), then the issue must be submitted for resolution in an all-Ukrainian referendum.